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|本期目录/Table of Contents|

 类比归纳的相似性效应和概念效应比较(PDF)

《心理学探新》[ISSN:1003-5184/CN:36-1228/B]

期数:
 2008年28卷03期
页码:
 37
栏目:
 学校与认知心理学
出版日期:
 2008-09-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
 Comparing the Similarities-effect with Concept-effect  in Analogical Induction
作者:
 蒋柯1; 李娟2; 熊哲宏1
 1.华东师范大学 心理系，上海 200062；2.北京师范大学 珠海分校教育学院，珠海 519085
Author(s):
 Jiang Ke1;  Li Juan2;  Xiong Zhehong1
 1.Psychological Faculty of East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062;  2.Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519085
关键词:
 归纳推理; 类比归纳; 概念; 相似性; 进化心理学
Keywords:
 inductive inference; analogical induction; concept; similarity; evolutionary psychology
分类号:
 B842.5
DOI:
 -
文献标识码:
 A
摘要:
 该文用两个实验比较了类比归纳中的相似性效应和概念效应。预备实验首先检验了实验所使用的人工概念符号的效度。结果显示，研究采用的人工符号能够按照实验要求准确控制被试对概念关系和相似性的估计。预备实验还显示，在只有相似性或概念信息的条件下，人们更加信任概念信息。在正式实验中，相似性信息和概念信息同时呈现，结果显示，在概念信息明确的时候，人会忽略相似性信息；但在相似性信息和明确的时候，人不会忽略概念信息，因此，文章得出结论：概念是类比归纳的基本构成要素
Abstract:
 Two experiments compared the similarities-effect with concept-effect in inductive inference. The prearranged experimant inspected the validity of artificial concept symbols which would be used in the formal experiment. The resaults showed that using the artificial concept symbols experimenter could control in what degrees the subjects to estimate concpt-relations and similarties. The prearranged experiment also showed when there was only information of similaarties or concepts, people would rely on concepts much more. In the formal experiment, the informations of similarities and concepts were both presented at same time, and it was found that 1)when there were abundant concepts informations, people would neglect the similarities; and 2)when there were abundant similarities informations, people would not neglect the concepts. So the conclusion was: inductive inference is composed by concepts.

参考文献/References

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
 基金项目：教育部人文社会科学研究项目（05JA720008），全国教育科学“十五”规划重点课题（DBA050049），上海市教育科学研究重点项目（A0411）。通讯作者：熊哲宏，E-mail:zhxiong@psy.ecnu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update:  2009-01-16