«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《心理学探新》[ISSN:1003-5184/CN:36-1228/B]

期数:

 2020年05期

页码:

 417-424

栏目:

 认知心理学

出版日期:

 2020-11-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

 Effects of Aging on Eye Movement Control in Chinese Reading:Evidence of Word Length and Word Predictability

文章编号:

1003-5184(2020)05-0417-08

作者:

 任梦雪¹; 4; 田宏杰²; 仝 文¹; 刘志方³

 (1.山西师范大学心理学系,临汾041000; 2.北京青年政治学院北京青少年研究所,北京 100102; 3.杭州师范大学心理学系,杭州311121; 4.广东理工学院心理中心,肇庆526000)

Author(s):

 Ren Mengxue¹; 4; Tian Hongjie²; Tong Wen¹; Liu Zhifang³

 (1.Department of Psychology,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041000; 2.Beijing Youth Research Institute,Beijing Youth and Politics College,Beijing 100102; 3.Department of Psychology,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121; 4.Mental Health Education Center,Guangdong Polytechnic College,Zhaoqing 526000)

关键词:

 年老化;  词长;  预测性;  眼动

Keywords:

 aging;  word length;  word predictability;  eye movement

分类号:

 B842.5

DOI:

 -

文献标识码:

 A

摘要:

 本研究通过对比老年与青年人在阅读中词长、词频和语境预测性效应上的差异,探讨中文阅读中眼动控制的年老化问题。结果发现:(1)词长的年龄主效应显著,注视时间和首次注视位置指标上年龄与词长的交互作用显著;(2)在注视时间指标上发现了显著的词频和语境预测性效应,年龄与语境预测性之间交互作用显著。综合而言,中文阅读中老年读者的词长效应和语境预测性效应不同于青年读者,由此可见,视觉功能和词汇加工功能衰退都是中文阅读眼动控制年老化的诱发原因。

Abstract:

 By comparing the differences of word length effect,word frequency and predictability effect between the elder and the young in reading,this study explored the aging of eye movement control in Chinese reading.The results showed that:(1)the effect of age on word length was significant,and the interaction between age and word length was significant in fixation duration and landing position;(2)significant word frequency and predictability effects were found in fixation duration,and the interaction between age and word predictability was significant.Generally speaking,word length and predictability effect on eye movement measures of Chinese elder were different from those of young readers.The results suggest that the decline of visual function and lexical processing is the cause of the aging of eye movement control in Chinese reading.

参考文献/References

 李兴珊,刘萍萍,马国杰.(2011).中文阅读中词切分的认知机理述评.心理科学进展,19(4),459-470.
李玉刚,黄忍,滑慧敏,李兴珊.(2017).阅读中的眼跳目标选择问题.心理科学进展,25(3),404-412.
Clifton,C.,Ferreira,F.,Henderson,J.M.,Inhoff,A.W.,Liversedge,S.P.,Reichle,E.D.,et al.(2016).Eye movements in reading and information processing:Keith Rayner's 40 year legacy.Journal of Memory and Language,86,1-19.
Engbert,R.,Nuthmann,A.,Richter,E.M.,& Kliegl,R.(2005).SWIFT:A dynamical model of saccade generation during reading.Psychological Review,112(4),777-813.
Kemper,S.,Crow,A.,& Kemtes,K.(2004).Eye-fixation patterns of high-and low-span young and older adults:Down the garden path and back again.Psychology and Aging,19,157-170.
Kemper,S.,& McDowd,J.(2006).Eye movements of young and older adults while reading with distraction.Psychology and Aging,21(1),32-39.
Kliegl,R.,Grabner,E.,Rolfs,M.,& Engbert,R.(2004).Length,frequency,and predictability effects of words on eye movements in reading.European Journal of Cognitive Psychology,16(1-2),262-284.
Kliegl,R.,Nuthmann,A.,& Engbert,R.(2006).Tracking the mind during reading:The influence of past,present,and future words on fixation durations.Journal of Experimental Psychology:General,135(1),12-35.
Laubrock,J.,Kliegl,R.,& Engbert,R.(2006).SWIFT explorations of age differences in eye movements during reading.Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,30(6),872-884.
Li,L.,Li,S.,Wang,J.,McGowan,V.A.,Liu,P.,Jordan,T.R.,et al.(2017).Aging and the optimal viewing position effect in visual word recognition:Evidence from English.Psychology and Aging,32(4),367-376.
Lin,N.,Yu,X.,Zhao,Y.,& Zhang,M.(2016).Functional anatomy of recognition of chinese multi-character words:Convergent evidence from effects of transposable nonwords,lexicality,and word frequency.PLOS ONE,11(2),e0149583.
Liu,Y.,Huang,R.,Li,Y.,& Gao,D.(2017).The word frequency effect on saccade targeting during chinese reading:Evidence from a survival analysis of saccade length.Frontiers in Psychology,8(8),1-10.
Liu,Y.,Reichle,E.D.,& Li,X.(2016).The effect of word frequency and parafoveal preview on saccade length during the reading of Chinese.Journal of Experimental Psychology:Human Perception and Performance,42(7),1008-1025.
Mcclelland,J.L.,& Rumelhart,D.E.(1981).An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception:I.An account of basic findings.Readings in Cognitive Science,88(5),375-407.
McGowan,V.A.,& Reichle,E.D.(2018).The“risky” reading strategy revisited:New simulations using E-Z reader.Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,71(1),179-189.
McGowan,V.A.,White,S.J.,Jordan,T.R.,& Paterson,K.B.(2014).Aging and the use of interword spaces during reading:Evidence from eye movements.Psychonomic Bulletin & Review,21(3),740-747.
Miellet,S.,Sparrow,L.,& Sereno,S.C.(2007).Word frequency and predictability effects in reading French:An evaluation of the E-Z reader model.Psychonomic Bulletin & Review,14(4),762-769.
Owsley,C.(2011).Aging and vision.Vision Research,51(13),1610-1622.
Owsley,C.,Sekuler,R.,& Siemsen,D.(1983).Contrast sensitivity throughout adulthood.Vision Research,23(7),689-699.
Perea,M.,& Acha,J.(2009).Space information is important for reading.Vision Research,49(15),1994-2000.
Rayner,K.(1998).Eye movements in reading and information processing:20 years of research.Psychological Bulletin,124(3),372-422.
Rayner,K.(2009).Eye movements and attention in reading,scene perception,and visual search.Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,62(8),1457-1506.
Rayner,K.,Castelhano,M.S.,& Yang,J.(2009).Eye movements and the perceptual span in older and younger readers.Psychology and Aging,24(3),755-760.
Rayner,K.,Fischer,M.H.,& Pollatsek,A.(1998).Unspaced text interferes with both word identification and eye movement control.Vision Research,38(8),1129-1144.
Rayner,K.,Reichle,E.D.,Stroud,M.J.,Williams,C.C.,& Pollatsek,A.(2006).The effect of word frequency,word predictability,and font difficulty on the eye movements of young and olderreaders.Psychology and Aging,21(3),448-465.
Rayner,K.,Slattery,T.J.,Drieghe,D.,& Liversedge,S.P.(2011).Eye movements and word skipping during reading:Effects of word length and predictability.Journal of Experimental Psychology:Human Perception and Performance,37(2),514-528.
Wang,J.,Li,L.,Li,S.,Xie,F.,Chang,M.,Paterson,K.B.,et al.(2016).Adult age differences in eye movements during reading:The evidence from chinese.The Journals of Gerontology Series B:Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences,73(4),1-10.
Zang,C.,Zhang,M.,Bai,X.,Yan,G.,Paterson,K.B.,& Liversedge,S.P.(2018).Effects of word frequency and visual complexity on eye movements of young and older Chinese readers.Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,69(7),1409-1425.
Zhang,J.,Zhang,T.,Xue,F.,Liu,L.,& Yu,C.(2007).Legibility variations of Chinese characters and implications for visual acuity measurement in Chinese reading population.Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science,48(5),2383.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

 基金项目:国家社会科学基金青年项目(17CYY059)。 通讯作者:仝文,E-mail:twaaa@126.com; 刘志方,E-mail:lzhf2008@163.com。

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update:  2020-10-20