«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《心理学探新》[ISSN:1003-5184/CN:36-1228/B]

期数:

 2021年02期

页码:

 106-114

栏目:

 

出版日期:

 2021-06-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

 Sexual Conflict and Solution:From the Perspective of Evolutionary Psychology

文章编号:

1003-5184(2021)02-0106-09

作者:

 顾鼎程¹; 丁雪辰¹; 2

 (1.上海师范大学心理学系,上海 200234; 2.上海市中小学在线教育研究基地,上海 200234)

Author(s):

 Gu Dingcheng¹; Ding Xuechen¹; 2

 (1.Department of Psychology,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234; 2.The Research Base of Online Education for Shanghai Middle and Primary Schools,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

关键词:

 两性冲突;  两性冲突缓和;  进化心理学;  繁衍成功

Keywords:

 sexual conflict;  evolutionary psychology;  reproductive success;  conflict resolution

分类号:

 B8409

DOI:

 -

文献标识码:

 A

摘要:

 进化心理学观点认为两性冲突是一个性别达到最佳适应的过程被另一个性别所阻碍,其根本原因是两性繁衍成功的根本进化利益存在冲突。从进化心理学的角度,根据两性敌对性选择理论,两性冲突可以分为基因座内的两性冲突与基因座间的两性冲突,前者可由性选择理论解释,后者涉及到两性的适应与反适应以及在军备竞赛中的协同进化。而两性冲突缓和则可以由费舍尔模型与基因复制理论、性别二态性和一夫一妻制度解释。两性冲突及缓和也分别具有进化心理学的相关实证依据支持。未来两性冲突领域的研究需要提升研究方法的客观性及两性冲突特质的多样性,并关注两性冲突缓和的现实有效途径以及婚配制度与评估方式对繁衍成功的交互作用。

Abstract:

 According to evolutionary psychology,sexual conflict occurs when the process of one sex to reach its optimal fitness is oppressed by the other sex.The origin of sexual conflict refers to the evolutionary interest of two sexes on reproductive success conflicts with each other.From the perspective of evolutionary psychology,sexual conflict includes intralocus sexual conflict and interlocus sexual conflict.The former can be explained by sexual selection theory and the latter involves adaptation and anti-adaptation between sexes and coevolution in the arms race.The solution of sexual conflict can be explained by Fisher’s geometric model and gene duplication theory,monogamy,and sexual dimorphism theory.So far,empirical evidences on sexual conflict and solution have been provided from researches based on evolutionary psychology.Based on the summary of outcomes released by previous researchers,authors of this paper argue that further research is needed on exploring the diversity of conflict traits,seeking out realistic ways to solve ongoing human sexual conflicts and the interactional effect of mating system and ways of evaluation on reproductive success.

参考文献/References

 任亮宝,田芊,孙时进.(2018).进化心理学视角中的腐败行为及心理机制.心理学探新,38(2),104-109.
田芊,张雷,孙时进,孙思凡.(2019).经济压力对女性择偶偏好影响的实验研究.心理学探新,39(3),272-276.
汪佳瑛,陈斌斌.(2016).童年压力及死亡威胁启动对择偶要求的影响.心理学报,48,857-866.
吴宝沛,吴静,张雷,李璐.(2014).择偶与人类嗓音.心理科学进展,22,1953-1963.
朱智贤.(1989).心理学大辞典.北京:北京师范大学出版社.
Agren,J.A.,Munasinghe,M.,& Clark,A.G.(2019).Sexual conflict through mother’s curse and father’s curse.Theoretical Population Biology,129,9-17.
Alho,J.,Salminen,N.,Sams,M.,Hietanen,J.L.,& Nummenmaa,L.(2015).Facilitated early cortical processing of nude human bodies.Biological Psychology,109,103-110.
Azari,H.,& Hesari,N.T.(2016).Protection of the right to privacy under international law and the Iranian legal system with a focus on the victims of rape.US-CHINA LAW REVIEW.Advance Online Publication.
Bedera,N.,& Nordmeyer,K.(2015).“Never go out alone”:An analysis of college rape prevention tips.Sexuality & Culture,19,533-542.
Bhogal,M.S.,Galbraith,N.,& Manktelow,K.(2016).Sexual selection and the evolution of altruism:Males are more altruistic and cooperative towards attractive females.Letters On Evolutionary Behavioral Science,7,10-13.
Bolund,E.,Bouwhuis,S.,Pettay,J.E.,& Lummaa,V.(2013).Divergent selection on,but no genetic conflict over,female and male timing and rate of reproduction in a human population.Proceedings Of The Royal Society B,280,2002.
Bonduriansky,R.,& Chenoweth,S.F.(2008).Intralocus sexual conflict.Trends in Ecology and Evolution,24,12-15.
Broder,A.,& Hohmann,N.(2003).Variations in risk taking behavior over the menstrual cycle.An improved replication.Evolution and Human Behavior,24,391-398.
Brown,G.R.,Laland,K.N.,& Mulder,M.B.(2009).Bateman’s principles and human sex roles.Trends in Ecology and Evolution,24,297-304.
Burke,N.W.,& Bonduruansky,R.(2017).Sexual conflict,facultative asexuality,and the true paradox of sex.Trends in Ecology & Evolution,32,646-652.
Buss,D.M.(2017).Sexual conflict in human mating.Current Directions in Psychological Science,26,307-313.
Buss,D.M.,& Schmitt,D.(1993).Sexual strategies theory:An evolutionary perspective on human mating.Psychological Review.Advance Online Publication.
Catalina,L.T.,& Jeffrey,T.H.(2010).Looks and lies:The role of physical attractiveness in online dating self-presentation and deception.Communication Research,37,335-351.
Cheng,C.,& Kirkpatrick.(2016).Sex-specific selection and sex-biased gene expression in humans and flies.PLOS GENETICS.Advance Online Publication.
Chivers,M.L.,Bouchard,K.N.,& Timmers,A.D.(2015).Straight but not narrow; Within-gender variation in the gender-specificity of women’s sexual response.PLos One.Advance Online Publication.
Connallon,T.,Camus,M.F.,Morrow,E.H.,& Dowling,D.K.(2017).Coadaptation of mitochondrial and nuclear genes,and the cost of mother’s curse.Proceedings of The Royal Society B.Advance Online Publication.
Connallon,T.,& Clark,A.G.(2013).Evolutionary inevitability of sexual antagonism.Proceedings of The Royal Society B.Advance Online Publication.
Davis,J.A.,& Gallupjr,G.G.(2006).Preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications as an adaptive response to unfamiliar semen(pp.191-204).Cambridge University Press.
Dong,J.S.,& Wang,Z.D.(2014).Protection of male sexual rights in the crime of rape.Frontiers of Law In China.Advance Online Publication.
Farrelly,D.,Clemson,P.,& Guthrie,M.(2016).Are women’s mate preferences for altruism also influenced by physical attractiveness?Evolutionary Psychology.Advance Online Publication.
Gallach,M.,& Betran,E.(2011).Intralocus sexual conflict resolved through gene duplication.Trends in Ecology and Evolution,26,2-4.
Garver-Apgar,C.E.(2008).Intralocus sexual conflict in humans:Evidence and implications(unpublished doctorial dissertation).The University of New Mexico.
Garver-Apgar,C.E.,Eaton,M.A.,Tybur,J.M.,& Thompson,M.E.(2011).Evidence of intralocus sexual conflict:Physically and hormonally masculine individuals have more attractive brothers relative to sisters.Evolution and Human Behavior,32,423-432.
Goetz,A.T.,& Shackelford,T.K.(2009).Sexual conflict in humans:Evolutionary consequences of asymmetric parental investment and paternity uncertainty.Animal Biology,59,449-456.
Gorelik,G.,& Shackelford,T.K.(2011).Human sexual conflict from molecules to culture.Evolutionary Psychology,9,564-587.
Heiland,F.,Prskawetz,A.,& Sanderson,W.C.(2008).Are individuals’ desired family sizes stable?Evidence from west german panel data.European Journal of Population,24,129.
Hosken,D.J.,Archer,C.R.,& Mank,J.E.(2019).Sexual conflict.Current Biology,29,425-429.
Iredale,W.,Vugt,M.V.,& Dunbar,R.(2008).Showing off in humans:Male generosity as a mating signal.Evolutionary Psychology,6,386-392.
Jennings,E.A.,& Barber,J.S.(2013).The influence of neighbors’ family size preference on women’s progression to higher parity births.Studies in Family Planning,44,67-84.
Jokela,M.,Rotkirch,A.,Rickard,I.J.,Pettay,J.,& Lummaa,V.(2010).Serial monogamy increases reproductive success in men but not in women.Behavioral Ecology,21,906-912.
Jordan,K.,Wieser,K.,Methfessel,I.,Fromberger,P.,Dechent,P.,& Muller,J.L.(2018).Sex attracts-neural correlates of sexual preference under cognitive demand.Brain Imaging and Behavior,12,109-126.
Kagerer,S.,Wehrum,S.,Klucken,T.,Walter,B.,Vaitl,D.,& Stark,R.(2014).Sex attracts:Investigating individual differences in attentional bias to sexual stimuli.PLos One.Advance Online Publication.
Kim,Y.,Lee,E.,& Lee,H.(2019).Sexual double standard,dating violence recognition,and sexual assertiveness among university students in south korea.Asian Nursing Research,13,47-52.
Lessells,C.M.(2006).The evolutionary outcome of sexual conflict.Philosophical Transactions Of The Royal Society B,361,301-317.
Lucotte,E.A.,Laurent,R.,Heyer,E.,Segurel,L.,& Toupance,B.(2016).Detection of allelic frequency differencs between the sexes in humans:A signature of sexually antagonistic selection.Genome Biology and Evolution,8,1489-1500.
Lummaa,V.,Pettay,J.E.,& Russell,A.F.(2007).Male twins reduce fitness of female co-twins in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,104,10915-10920.
Mace,R.(2000).The evolutionary ecology of human family size.Animal Behavior,59,1-10.
Mcallister,L.,Gurven,M.,Kaplan,H.,& Stieglitz,J.(2012).Why do women have more children than they Want?Understanding differences in women’s ideal and actual family size in a natural fertility population.American Journal Of Human Biology,24,786-799.
Mckibbin,W.F.,Shackelford,T.K.,Goetz,A.T.,& Starratt,V.G.(2008).Why do men rape?An evolutionary psychological perspective.Review of General Psychology,12,86-97.
Morita,M.,Ohtsuki,H.,& Hiraiwa-Hasegawa,M.(2016).Does sexual conflict between mother and father lead to fertility decline?A questionnaire survey in a modern developed society.Human Nature,27,201-219.
Moya,C.,Snopkowski,K.,& Sear,R.(2016).What do men want?Re-examining whether men benefit from higher fertility than is optimal for women.Philosophical Transactions Of The Royal Society B.Advance Online Publication.
Mulder,M.B.(2009).Tradeoffs and sexual conflict over women’s fertility preferences in mpimbwe.American Journal Of Human Biology,21,478-487.
Mulder,M.B.,& Rauch,K.L.(2009).Sexual conflict in humans:Variations and solutions.Evolutionary Anthropology,18,201-214.
Norberg,K.(2004).Partnership status and the human sex ratio at birth.Proceedings Of The Royal Society B,271,2403-2410.
Oosterwijk,S.,Vanderleij,A.R.,& Rotteveel,M.(2016).Associating LIPS and SWOLLEN:Delayed attentional disengagement following words in sex contexts.Cognition and Emotion,31,1197-1210.
Pennell,T.M.,& Morrow,E.H.(2013).Two sexes,one genome:The evolutionary dynamics of intralocus sexual conflict.Ecology and Evolution,3,1819-1834.
Pischedda,A.,& Chippindale,A.K.(2006).Intralocus sexual conflict diminishes the benefits of sexual selection.PLos Biology,4,0356.
Rowe,L.,& Day,T.(2006).Detecting sexual conflict and sexually antagonistic coevolution.Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B,361,277-285.
Schenkel,M.A.,Pen,I.,Beukeboom,L.W.,& Billeter,J.C.(2018).Making sense of intralocus and interlocus sexual conflict.Ecology and Evolution,8,13035-13050.
Sedziafa,A.P.,Tenkorang,E.Y.,& Owusu,A.Y.(2019).Can marriage(re)produce and legitimize sexual violence?A phenomenological study of a Ghanaian patrilineal society.Women’s Studies International Forum.Advance Online Publication.
Shackelford,T.K.,Leblanc,G.J.,Weeks-Shackelford,V.A.,Bleske-Rechek,A.L.,Euler,H.A.,& Hoier,S.(2002).Psychological adaptation to human sperm competition.Evolution and Human Behavior,23,123-138.
Snopkowski,K.,& Sear,R.(2013).Kin influences on fertility in Thailand:Effects and mechanisms.Evolution and Human Behavior,34,130-138.
Snyder,J.K.,& Fessler,D.M.T.(2013).Fear does not correspond to higher costs of rape among married women.Journal of Evolutionary Psychology,11,49-64.
Standing,K.,Parker,S.,& Bista,S.(2017).‘It’s breaking quite big social taboos’ violence against women and girls and self-defense training in Nepal.Women’s Studies International Forum,64,51-58.
Stearns,S.C.,Byars,S.G.,Govindaraju,D.R.,& Ewbank,D.(2010).Measuring selection in contemporary human populations.Nature Reviews Genetics,11,611-622.
Stearns,S.C.,Govindaraju,D.R.,Ewbank,D.,& Byars,S.G.(2012).Constraints on the coevolution of contemporary human males and females.Proceedings Of The Royal Society B,279,4836-4844.
Strahler,J.,Baranowski,A.M.,Walter,B.,Huebner,N.,& Stark,R.(2019).Attentional bias toward and distractibility by sexual cues:A meta-analytic integration.Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews,105,276-287.
Stulp,G.,Kuijper,B.,Buunk,A.P.,Pollet,T.V.,& Verhulst,S.(2012).Intralocus sexual conflict over human height.Biology Letters,8,976-978.
Thornhill,R.,& Wilmsen Thornhill,N.(1983).Human rape:An evolutionary analysis.Ethology and Sociobiology,4,137-173.
Tregenza,T.,Wedell,N.,& Chapman,T.(2006).Introduction.sexual conflict:A new paradigm?Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B,361,229-234.
Wright,A.E.,Moghadam,H.K.,& Mank,J.E.(2012).Trade-off between selection for dosage compensation and masculinization on the avian z chromosome.Genetics,192,1433-1445.
Xu,L.,Becker,B.,Luo,R.X.,Zheng,X.X.,Zhao,W.H.,Zhang,Q.,& Kendrick,K.M.(2020).Oxytocin amplifies sex differences in human mate choice.Psychoneuroendocrinology.Advance Online Publication.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

 基金项目:上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会“晨光计划”(18CG49),国家自然科学基金青年项目(32000756),湖北省科技厅软科学研究项目(2019ADC120),上海市教育委员会科研创新计划重大项目(2019-01-07-00-02-E00005)。
通讯作者:丁雪辰,E-mail:dingxuechen_psy@163.com。

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update:  2021-06-15